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MailMerge
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1995-08-21
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Ch 9 − Mail-Merging with Impression and Ovation
Although the title refers to “Mail-Merging” the process to be described is
more accurately termed “Data-Merging” as it is by no means limited to
merging names and addresses into letters; any kind of textual data from a
Powerbase application can be merged into any kind of document in Impression
or Ovation or many other editors and wordprocessors.
9.1 Mail-merging with Ovation*
Ovation expects data for merging to be supplied as a CSV file (see Ch 8). An
example file (OvationCSV) is supplied with this version of Powerbase. It was
created from the Elements database and is intended to work with the sample
Ovation document OmergeTest. Before attempting to create CSV files of your
own you are recommended to read the Powerbase documentation on such files.
The process for mail-merging with Ovation is described below.
9.1.1 Preparing an Ovation document for mail-merging
Ovation has a very easy method of specifying where the merged data is to go
into the document. Whenever you reach a point where you wish to insert a
Powerbase field type Ctrl I. A window headed “Merge tag” will appear
inviting you to enter a number. The number required is the field number in
the CSV record (which is not necessarily the field number in the Powerbase
record). If, for instance, you wish to merge the second field from each line
of your CSV file enter 2 and type Return. You will see that “[Merge2]” has
been inserted into the text at the caret. Continue typing, inserting other
fields as required. The fields do not need to be in numerical order (you can
insert field 2 before you insert field 1) and the same field may be inserted
many times. Styles and effects may also be applied to the Merge tags. Load
MergeTest to see how this looks.
9.1.2 Merging the data from Powerbase
With MergeTest loaded open the main Ovation menu, go to the File submenu and
choose Print. Select the Mail merge option button and drag OvationCSV to the
writable icon to the right of the button. The pathname of the file will
appear in the icon. Click on OK and the document will be printed once for
each record in the CSV file, merging new data into the document each time.
OvationCSV contains 10 records so if you just want to see the process in
action without actually printing 10 sheets of paper set your printer manager
to print to a file instead of to the printer itself.
If you examine OvationCSV you will see that each field is enclosed in
quotes. This is only necessary of the fields contain literal commas (see
8.1). Look at the first record, for example, and note the comma in
“(Gr.aktis,aktinos; ray or beam)”. Without the quotes Ovation would
interpret the comma as a field separator and the merging would get out of
step for that record.
9.2 Mail-merging with Impression
The following description applies to Impression Publisher and Impression
Style. The older ImpressionII is also supported. Powerbase and Impression
are able to communicate directly with each other without the need for a CSV
file. This task is performed by a module called ImpulseII which Computer
Concepts have placed in the public domain to encourage its adoption as a
standard means of transferring data between RISC OS applications. The
ImpulseII module is included in the Resources directory inside the Powerbase
application directory.
9.2.1 Preparing the Impression document
Since the merged data is not being supplied from a pre-generated CSV file
Impression needs to request specifically each Powerbase field that it wants
to merge into the document. It is probably best to create the document
without worrying about the merged data at first, then insert the necessary
commands afterwards.
Wherever you want data from a Powerbase record to appear in the document
proceed as follows:−
(1) Place the caret at the point where the data is to be inserted.
(2) Click MENU over the frame, go to the Utilities submenu (Misc in
ImpressionII) and choose Merge command A dialogue box will appear.
(3) Type the following:−
:Powerbase GetField NAME
This is on the understanding that your Powerbase record contains a
field whose tag is NAME and that you want the contents of that field
inserting into the Impression document at that point. Note the spaces and
the initial colon. These are essential.
(4) Click on Set or type Return. You will see “<NAME>” appear in the
text.
(5) Repeat for all the other Powerbase fields to be inserted in the
document. All take the form:−
:Powerbase GetField <tag>
and in each case the tag, enclosed in angle brackets, will appear in
the text.* All the data in a given document must come from the same
database. It might be easiest if you open the required database and arrange
the desktop so that you can see both the record window and the Impression
document. Clicking MENU over a field makes its tag appear in the second menu
item.
(6) Save the the document!
9.2.2 Merging the data
(1) Make sure Impression has been “seen” by the filer. Impression
doesn’t need to actually be on the icon-bar at this point but it doesn’t
matter if it is.
(2) Open the Powerbase database.
(3) Drop the Impression document on the record window. If Impression
isn’t already running Powerbase will run it for you. The document will be
loaded and displayed. Finally Powerbase’s Data merge window will appear.
(4) The Data merge window features the familiar Query panel into which
you may enter a search formula. Clicking on Merge or typing RETURN then
extracts data from the first matching record and inserts it in the specified
places in the Impression document. If no search formula was entered the
merged record will be the first in the current subfile.
(5) Buttons are provided for Next, Previous, First and Last record.
These work just like the corresponding keypad buttons and the Impression
document displays the merged data in each case.
(6) Clicking on Print will print the Impression document in its
displayed state, i.e. with the currently merged data. If you select the
Print all switch before clicking on Merge a whole series of hard copies will
be produced, one for each matching record.
Note that when the mouse pointer is moved over the Impression document with
the merged data present it changes to a large red and blue cross which means
that you cannot edit the document. Clicking SELECT over it has no effect;
the caret doesn’t appear. If you click on Cancel in the Data merge window
the merged data is removed from the document and normal editing is restored.
If you do want to edit the document with merged data present then click on
Edit. Note, however, that if you save the document in this state it will be
saved with the specific data you have merged into it rather than with the
commands to merge data.
A full description of the Impulse commands or “methods” which Powerbase
understands will be found in Appendix A.
9.3 Mail-merging with other programs
If you use neither Impression nor Ovation you may still be able to use
mail-merging with your wordprocessor, but you will need to read the manual
carefully to find out how. It will almost certainly involve a CSV, or
similar, file in conjunction with some method of “tagging” the document (as
described above for Impression and Ovation) to specify where in it the data
is to be merged.